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Siddhu ManojFounder & CEO of Two-LYP Computations Pvt. Ltd.
“Incorporating my Startup with IncorpX was an incredibly smooth and hassle-free experience. The team was highly professional, guiding us every step of the way with clear communication and prompt support. The registration process was fast, and every detail was handled with precision and accuracy. Highly recommend IncorpX for anyone starting a business.”
Abhishek LohaniDirector at Lohani Learnings
“Company is good and service is also smooth. I used their compliance service and the response was timely with no delay and price are also convenient. They are always available to cater your need.”
Chandan Kr. ChaudharyFounder of Creative Minds
“I am very satisfied with the team of IncorpX for providing the top notch services. Team of IncorpX was giving the update on daily basis was one of the best thing which I experience in Corporate. keep doing it. Thank you!”
Jayavijaya SJFounder of Agro Farms
“Don't think twice.Got my company incorporates here. Tbh very impressed by the quality of service provided by this team. Very organized and friendly team. Had a smooth and peaceful experience. Timely regular updates were provided by the team. Overall a great experience.”
Anoop KrishnanFounder of EIGHTH DAY FORGE
“It's rare to find a service provider who makes the process feel personal - IncorpX absolutely did. From day one, they patiently explained every detail without any jargon, making it easy to understand and stress-free. There was zero chasing, no delays-just efficient, smooth execution all the way through. I felt supported, heard, and confident at every step of registering my company EIGHTH DAY FORGE (OPC) Private Limited. Thanks to Mr. Sriram and his wonderful team.”
Ramesh LankeFounder of EKnal Technologies
“IncorpX made the entire registration process for our company, EKnal Technologies, smooth and stress-free. Their team was professional, efficient, and incredibly supportive from start to finish. Highly recommend them to any founder looking for a reliable partner in their business journey! Special shoutout to Sriram and Aswin-your support, clarity, and responsiveness made the whole process incredibly smooth.”
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An all-inclusive solution for startups and expanding enterprises seeking a streamlined, compliant incorporation process.
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Personalised support from dedicated incorporation specialists.
Application prepared and filed within 2 days.
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Important Notes
We strive to register your preferred business name whenever feasible.
Alternative name suggestions are provided if the preferred name is not approved.
Package includes first-year compliance services: auditor appointment, annual filings, and related obligations.
One Person Company (OPC) Registration in India: Complete Guide 2026
One Person Company (OPC) Registration is the ideal business structure for solo entrepreneurs who want the benefits of a corporate entity with complete ownership control. Introduced under Section 2(62) of the Companies Act, 2013 and regulated by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), an OPC provides limited liability protection, separate legal identity, and perpetual succession to individuals who wish to run a business on their own terms without partners.
The online OPC registration process in India has been simplified through the MCA's SPICe+ (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus) web form. This integrated system enables a single application for Name Reservation, Director Identification Number (DIN), Digital Signature Certificate (DSC), PAN, TAN, GSTIN, EPFO, and ESIC registration. A unique requirement for OPC is the mandatory appointment of a nominee director who takes over the company in case of the sole member's death or incapacity.
An OPC structure is perfect for freelancers, consultants, solo traders, and small business owners who want to separate personal assets from business liabilities while enjoying complete decision-making authority. Unlike a Sole Proprietorship, an OPC offers the credibility and legal protection of a registered company, making it easier to open bank accounts, secure business loans, and build client trust.
Looking for alternatives? If you plan to bring in partners or investors in the future, consider Private Limited Company Registration which allows 2 to 200 shareholders. For partnership-based ventures with limited liability, explore LLP Registration. OPC is best suited for those who want to maintain 100% ownership while enjoying corporate benefits.
At IncorpX, we deliver end-to-end One Person Company Registration that is fast, affordable, and completely digital. Our team of experienced Chartered Accountants (CAs) and Company Secretaries (CSs) handles every step of the process. From company name approval and DSC procurement to SPICe+ filing, nominee documentation, bank account opening, and GST registration, we ensure a seamless incorporation experience so you can focus on building your business.
What is a One Person Company (OPC) in India?
A One Person Company (OPC) is a revolutionary business structure that allows a single individual to own and operate a company with limited liability protection. Before the Companies Act, 2013 introduced OPCs, solo entrepreneurs had to either form a sole proprietorship (with unlimited personal liability) or find a partner to register a company. The OPC concept bridges this gap by combining the simplicity of sole ownership with the legal advantages of a corporate entity.
Governed by Section 2(62) of the Companies Act, 2013 and regulated by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), an OPC is recognized as a separate legal entity distinct from its owner. This means the company can own property, enter into contracts, sue or be sued in its own name, and its debts are separate from the personal finances of the owner. The single member enjoys complete control over business decisions without the need to consult partners or other shareholders.
A key feature of an OPC is the mandatory appointment of a nominee director. This nominee is designated to take over the company's ownership and management in case the sole member passes away or becomes incapacitated. This ensures perpetual succession and business continuity, which is a major advantage over sole proprietorship where the business typically ends with the owner.
OPCs are ideal for solo professionals like consultants, freelancers, content creators, tech developers, traders, and small business owners who want formal business recognition without sharing ownership. While OPCs cannot raise equity funding from external investors (since they have only one member), they can obtain bank loans and credit facilities just like any registered company.
Key Characteristics as per Companies Act, 2013:
Single Member:
Only one person is required to form an OPC. This person acts as both the sole shareholder and can also be the sole director.
Limited Liability:
The owner's liability is limited to the unpaid share capital. Personal assets like home, savings, and vehicles are fully protected from business debts.
Mandatory Nominee:
A nominee must be appointed who will become the member in case of death or incapacity of the sole member. Consent is filed via Form INC-3.
Separate Legal Entity:
The OPC is a juristic person in the eyes of law, capable of owning assets and entering contracts independently of its owner.
Did You Know?
The concept of One Person Company was first recommended by the J.J. Irani Committee in 2005 and was finally introduced in India through the Companies Act, 2013. This reform was aimed at encouraging solo entrepreneurship and enabling micro-businesses to corporatize. In 2021, the government removed the capital and turnover thresholds for mandatory conversion, making OPCs even more attractive for small business owners who want to maintain single ownership indefinitely.
Who Can Register a One Person Company in India?
One Person Company registration in India has specific eligibility criteria that are stricter than Private Limited Companies. Understanding these requirements helps you determine if OPC is the right structure for your business and prepares you for a smooth registration process.
Eligible Persons for OPC Registration:
Natural Person Only: Only an individual (natural person) can incorporate an OPC. Companies, LLPs, or other artificial legal entities cannot form an OPC.
Indian Citizen: The person must be an Indian citizen. This includes persons of Indian origin who hold Indian citizenship, regardless of where they reside.
Resident in India: The person must be a resident of India, meaning they have stayed in India for at least 120 days during the immediately preceding financial year. NRIs who do not meet the residency requirement cannot form an OPC.
Age Requirement: The person must be a major (above 18 years of age). Minors cannot be members, directors, or nominees in an OPC.
One OPC Limit: A person can incorporate or be a member in only one OPC at a time. Additionally, a person cannot be a nominee in more than one OPC simultaneously.
Nominee Requirements:
Must be a natural person who is an Indian citizen
Must be a resident of India (stayed for 120+ days in the preceding year)
Cannot be a minor
Cannot be a nominee in more than one OPC
Must provide written consent in Form INC-3
Who Cannot Register an OPC?
Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) who do not meet the 120-day residency requirement
Foreign nationals and Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) holders
Persons already holding membership in another OPC
Minors (below 18 years of age)
Corporate entities like companies or LLPs
Types of One Person Companies in India:
While the One Person Company structure is primarily designed for single-member ownership,
there are different variations based on how liability is structured and what industry
the OPC operates in. Understanding these types helps you choose the right configuration
for your business needs.
OPC Limited by Shares:
This is the most common type where the sole member's liability is limited to the
unpaid value of shares held. Most service-based and trading OPCs fall under this category.
It allows flexibility in setting authorized capital and is ideal for small businesses.
OPC Limited by Guarantee:
In this structure, the member guarantees to contribute a specific amount in case of
winding up. This type is rarely used but can be suitable for non-profit or social
enterprise activities where capital contribution is not the primary focus.
Industry-Specific OPCs:
OPCs can be formed for various industries including IT services, consulting,
e-commerce, manufacturing, trading, and professional services. Certain industries
like banking, insurance, and NBFCs cannot operate as OPCs due to regulatory restrictions.
The choice of OPC type depends on your business model, liability preferences, and industry
regulations. Most solo entrepreneurs opt for OPC Limited by Shares due to its simplicity
and flexibility in capital management.
What Are the Key Features of a One Person Company?
A One Person Company offers a unique blend of sole proprietorship flexibility and corporate structure benefits. Here are the standout features that make it the preferred choice for solo entrepreneurs in India:
1. Single Member Ownership
Only one person is required to form and own the company. The sole member has complete control over all business decisions without interference from partners.
2. Limited Liability Protection
Personal assets are completely protected from business debts. The owner's liability is limited to the unpaid share capital only.
3. Separate Legal Entity
The OPC has its own legal identity. It can own property, enter contracts, sue, and be sued in its own name, distinct from its owner.
4. Nominee Director System
A mandatory nominee ensures business continuity. The nominee takes over ownership if the sole member passes away or becomes incapacitated.
5. Perpetual Succession
The company continues to exist regardless of changes in ownership. Business continuity is ensured through the nominee mechanism.
6. No Minimum Capital
You can start an OPC with any amount of capital. There is no minimum paid-up or authorized capital requirement under the law.
7. Reduced Compliance Burden
OPCs are exempt from holding Annual General Meetings and have simpler annual filing requirements compared to Pvt Ltd companies.
8. Quick Decision Making
With a single owner, business decisions can be made instantly without board meetings or shareholder approvals for routine matters.
9. Easy Conversion Option
OPCs can be voluntarily converted to Private Limited Companies when business grows and partners or investors are needed.
10. Tax Efficiency
The director can draw salary which is a deductible expense, and corporate tax rates apply instead of individual slab rates.
Benefits of Registering a One Person Company:
Why do successful solo entrepreneurs choose the OPC structure? It provides the best of both worlds: complete ownership control with corporate legal protection. Here are the compelling benefits:
Asset Protection
Your personal savings, home, and investments are completely safe. In an OPC, liability is strictly limited to the company's assets and your unpaid share capital.
100% Ownership Control
You have complete authority over all business decisions. No need to consult partners, no voting, no delays in decision-making.
Enhanced Credibility
The "(OPC) Private Limited" suffix adds corporate prestige. Banks, clients, and vendors trust registered companies more than sole proprietorships.
Easier Bank Financing
Banks prefer lending to registered companies. OPCs can easily open current accounts, get overdraft facilities, and apply for business loans.
Simplified Compliance
OPCs are exempt from AGM requirements and have abridged annual return filings. Less paperwork means more time for your business.
Business Continuity
Unlike sole proprietorship, your OPC survives you. The nominee takes over ensuring your business legacy continues for your family.
Join thousands of successful solo entrepreneurs registered with IncorpX!
Difference Between OPC and Other Business Structures:
Choosing the right business structure is the first step towards success as a solo entrepreneur. While a One Person Company (OPC) provides corporate protection with single ownership, other structures like Sole Proprietorship or Private Limited Company might suit different needs. Below is a detailed comparison to help you make an informed decision.
Pros and Cons of Registering a One Person Company:
Explore the comprehensive pros and cons of forming a One Person Company (OPC) in India. This table provides an in-depth comparison of essential factors such as limited liability, ownership control, compliance responsibilities, and scalability to help you make an informed decision for your solo venture.
Aspect
Advantages
Disadvantages
Limited Liability
The sole member's personal assets like home, car, and savings are fully protected. Liability is strictly limited to unpaid share capital.
Directors may need to provide personal guarantees for bank loans, which can expose them to personal financial risk.
Ownership Control
100% decision-making power rests with one person. No partner disputes or shareholder conflicts to worry about.
Lack of diverse perspectives and expertise that comes with having partners or co-founders.
Corporate Status
Separate legal entity status enhances credibility. Banks, vendors, and clients prefer dealing with registered companies.
Higher incorporation and compliance costs compared to running a simple sole proprietorship.
Fundraising
Easier to obtain bank loans and credit facilities compared to proprietorships due to corporate structure.
Cannot raise equity funding from investors. Must convert to Pvt Ltd to issue shares to outside investors.
Compliance Burden
Exempt from holding Annual General Meetings. Simplified annual return (MGT-7A) with fewer disclosures required.
Mandatory statutory audit by a Chartered Accountant every year, regardless of turnover or profit.
Taxation
Director salary is a deductible business expense, reducing taxable profit. Corporate tax rates may be lower than individual slab rates for high earners.
Corporate tax rate of 25% or 30% applies, which may be higher than individual rates for businesses with lower profits.
Business Continuity
Perpetual succession through mandatory nominee ensures the company survives the owner's death or incapacity.
Nominee must be an Indian citizen and resident, limiting options. Cannot nominate foreign family members.
Scalability
Can voluntarily convert to Private Limited Company anytime when ready to add partners or seek investment.
Growth is limited as long as it remains an OPC. Adding members requires mandatory conversion.
Eligibility
Perfect structure for solo entrepreneurs who want to work independently with legal protection.
Only Indian citizens who are Indian residents (120+ days) can form an OPC. NRIs and foreigners are not eligible.
Minimum Requirements for One Person Company Registration in India
Before starting your OPC registration, ensure you meet all the statutory requirements mandated by the Companies Act, 2013. Here is a comprehensive overview of the minimum criteria:
Only 1 member (shareholder) is required to form the company
The sole member must be a natural person (not a company or LLP)
Member must be an Indian Citizen and Resident (120+ days in India)
1 Nominee is mandatory (must also be Indian Citizen and Resident)
Minimum 1 Director required (the member can be the sole director)
Maximum 15 Directors are allowed in an OPC
No minimum paid-up or authorized capital requirement
Class 3 Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) required for the Director
A registered office address in India is mandatory
Unique company name ending with "(OPC) Private Limited"
Important Note: A person cannot be a member of more than one OPC at the same time. Also, the same person cannot be a nominee in more than one OPC.
Cost of One Person Company Registration in India (2026)
Understanding the complete cost breakdown for OPC registration helps you plan your budget effectively. The total cost depends on authorized capital, state of registration, and additional services required. Here is a detailed breakdown:
Component
Cost Range
Description
MCA Government Fees
₹500 to ₹2,500
Varies based on authorized capital. ₹500 for capital up to ₹1 lakh, scaling up for higher capital
Stamp Duty
₹1,000 to ₹15,000+
Depends on state of registration and authorized capital. States like Maharashtra and Karnataka have higher rates
Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)
₹800 to ₹2,000
Class 3 DSC valid for 2 years required for the director
Director Identification Number (DIN)
₹500
Government fee for DIN application (usually included in SPICe+)
Name Reservation (RUN)
₹1,000
Fee for reserving company name through RUN service (optional if using SPICe+)
Professional Fees
₹999 to ₹10,000
CA/CS charges for documentation, filing, and advisory services
GST Registration
Free to ₹2,000
Government registration is free; professional assistance may have nominal charges
Total Estimated Cost
For a standard One Person Company with ₹1 lakh authorized capital, the total registration cost typically ranges from ₹4,000 to ₹12,000 including all government fees and professional charges. At IncorpX, our complete OPC package starts at just ₹999 with all government fees payable additionally at actuals.
Company Name Guidelines for One Person Company Registration
Selecting the right company name is crucial for brand identity and MCA approval. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has specific guidelines that must be followed. A well-chosen name gets approved faster and builds stronger brand recognition.
Uniqueness: The name must not be identical or similar to existing registered companies, LLPs, or trademarks
Suffix: Must end with "(OPC) Private Limited" to indicate One Person Company status
Prohibited Words: Cannot use words like "Republic," "Union," "President," "Governor," or any government authority names without approval
Restricted Words: Words like "Bank," "Insurance," "Stock Exchange," "Venture Capital" require sector-specific approvals
Trademark Check: Ensure the name does not infringe existing trademarks registered with the IP Office
Offensive Names: Names that are obscene, vulgar, or against public policy will be rejected
Relevance: The name should relate to the main business activity mentioned in the MOA
Tips for Quick Name Approval:
Use coined or invented words that are unique to your brand
Add the business activity keyword for clarity (e.g., Technologies, Solutions, Consulting)
Avoid generic names that are likely to clash with existing companies
Check name availability on MCA portal before applying
Keep 2 to 3 alternative names ready in case the first choice is rejected
Planning to protect your brand? Consider filing for Trademark Registration after company incorporation to secure exclusive rights to your company name and logo.
What Are the Documents Required for Registering a One Person Company?
To ensure a smooth and rejection-free registration process, it is critical to have the correct set of documents. The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) requires identity and address proof for the sole member, nominee, and proof of the registered office address. Here is the complete checklist of documents required for One Person Company Registration:
Category
Document Type
Specific Examples
Purpose
For the Sole Member
Identity Proof
PAN Card (Mandatory), Aadhaar Card, Passport, Voter ID, Driving License
Establishes the identity of the sole member as per the Companies Act, 2013
Address Proof
Recent Utility Bills or Bank Statements (not older than 2 months)
Verifies residential address of the sole member
Passport-Size Photograph
Recent photographs of the member
Used for identification and incorporation formalities
For the Nominee
Identity Proof
PAN Card (Mandatory), Aadhaar Card, Passport, Voter ID, Driving License
Establishes the identity of the nominee
Address Proof
Recent Utility Bills or Bank Statements (not older than 2 months)
Verifies residential address of the nominee
Nominee Consent
Form INC-3 (Written consent signed by the nominee)
Legal declaration agreeing to become member upon subscriber's death or incapacity
For Registered Office
Address Proof
Utility Bill (Electricity/Gas/Water) not older than 30 days
Establishes the registered office address of the company
Ownership/Rental Proof
Rental Agreement or No Objection Certificate (NOC) from property owner
Grants permission to use the premises as registered office
For Company Registration
Memorandum of Association (MOA)
Document defining company objectives and scope
Outlines the business purpose and range of operations
Articles of Association (AOA)
Governing document of internal rules and structure
Provides clarity on company governance and decision-making
Consent & Declarations
Form INC-9 and DIR-2 (Director's consent and compliance declaration)
Indicates willingness and legal agreement to act as director
Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)
Class 3 DSC issued for the proposed director
Enables secure and legally recognized electronic filings with MCA
Step-by-Step Process for One Person Company Registration in India
Registering a One Person Company in India is now a completely online process through the MCA portal. At IncorpX, our expert team handles the entire incorporation lifecycle, ensuring zero rejections and quick approval. Here is the complete roadmap for your OPC registration journey:
Step 1: Obtain Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)
The first step is obtaining a Class 3 Digital Signature Certificate for the proposed director. Since the MCA filing process is entirely online, a DSC is mandatory for digitally signing all incorporation documents. A DSC serves as your electronic identity and ensures secure, legally valid submissions. DSCs are issued by government-authorized Certifying Authorities and are typically valid for 2 years. At IncorpX, we help you obtain a DSC from trusted agencies within 24 to 48 hours.
Step 2: Apply for Director Identification Number (DIN)
Every individual who wishes to become a director must obtain a unique Director Identification Number. DIN is a lifetime identification that remains valid even if you join other companies or resign from existing directorships. For new OPC registrations, DIN is automatically allotted through the SPICe+ incorporation form itself, eliminating the need for a separate application.
Step 3: Reserve Your Company Name (RUN Service)
Choosing the right company name is crucial for brand identity. We help you select a unique name that complies with MCA naming guidelines and check its availability on the MCA portal. You can reserve your name through the RUN (Reserve Unique Name) service or apply directly with the SPICe+ form. Remember, OPC names must end with "(OPC) Private Limited". The name reservation is valid for 20 days.
Step 4: Prepare Nominee Consent (Form INC-3)
A unique requirement for OPCs is the mandatory nomination. The nominee must provide written consent in Form INC-3, agreeing to become the member of the company in case of the subscriber's death or incapacity. The nominee must also provide their identity and address proof documents along with the consent form.
Step 5: Draft MOA and AOA Documents
The Memorandum of Association (MOA) and Articles of Association (AOA) are the foundational legal documents of your OPC. The MOA defines the company's objectives, scope of activities, and authorized capital structure. The AOA outlines internal management rules, director powers, and decision-making procedures. Our expert CS team drafts these documents according to MCA specifications and your business requirements.
Step 6: File SPICe+ Incorporation Form
SPICe+ (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus) is the main incorporation form that consolidates multiple registrations into a single application. Through SPICe+, you can apply for company incorporation, PAN, TAN, EPFO, ESIC, GSTIN, and even open a bank account. We file SPICe+ Part B along with AGILE-PRO-S for GST and professional tax registration, ensuring all required documents including Form INC-3 are correctly attached and digitally signed.
Step 7: Receive Certificate of Incorporation (CoI)
Once the Registrar of Companies (RoC) verifies and approves all documents, they issue the Certificate of Incorporation. This certificate is the legal proof of your OPC's existence and includes your unique 21-character Corporate Identification Number (CIN). Along with the CoI, you receive the company's PAN, TAN, and approved MOA and AOA. The entire process typically takes 7 to 10 working days from document submission.
Get your One Person Company registered in just 7 to 10 days with IncorpX!
After Incorporation: Essential Steps for Your New OPC
Congratulations on registering your One Person Company! However, incorporation is just the beginning. There are several important steps you must complete to ensure your OPC is fully operational and compliant. Here is a comprehensive post-registration checklist:
1. Open a Corporate Current Account
Open a current account in the company's name within 7 to 15 days of incorporation. This is mandatory for all business transactions. You will need the Certificate of Incorporation, MOA, AOA, PAN card, board resolution (even for single director), and identity proof. Many banks like HDFC, ICICI, and Axis offer dedicated accounts for small businesses.
2. Deposit Share Capital
Transfer the subscribed share capital to the company's bank account within 60 days of incorporation. Issue share certificate to yourself as the sole shareholder within 60 days of share allotment. Maintain the Register of Members with complete shareholding details.
3. File Form INC-20A (Commencement of Business)
Every OPC incorporated after November 2019 must file Form INC-20A within 180 days of incorporation. This declaration confirms that you have paid your subscribed share capital and the company is ready to commence business operations. Failure to file can result in the company being struck off by the RoC.
4. Appoint a Statutory Auditor
Appoint a practicing Chartered Accountant as the company's statutory auditor within 30 days of incorporation. File Form ADT-1 with the RoC within 15 days of the appointment. Unlike Private Limited Companies, OPCs cannot appoint the auditor for 5 years in the first AGM since they are exempt from AGM requirements.
5. Complete GST Registration
If your business involves taxable supply of goods or services, complete GST registration. While GSTIN application is initiated through SPICe+ AGILE-PRO-S, you may need to complete additional steps on the GST portal to activate your registration.
OPCs must maintain various statutory registers including Register of Members, Register of Directors, Register of Charges, Minutes Book for Board Meetings, and Register of Contracts. These can be maintained digitally or physically at the registered office.
8. Protect Your Brand
Secure your company name and logo by filing for Trademark Registration. This gives you exclusive rights to use your brand name across India and prevents competitors from using similar names.
Annual Compliance Requirements for One Person Companies in India
While an OPC has fewer compliance requirements than a Private Limited Company, it still needs to adhere to MCA regulations to maintain its legal status. Regular filings, audits, and proper record-keeping ensure your OPC remains compliant, credible, and audit-ready. Here is a comprehensive compliance checklist:
Compliance
Requirement Details
Due Date
Penalty for Non-Compliance
Annual Return (MGT-7A)
File Form MGT-7A (Abridged Annual Return for Small Companies and OPCs) containing details of the shareholder, director, and company activities.
Within 60 days of financial year end
₹100 per day of delay, plus additional penalties
Financial Statements (AOC-4)
Submit Form AOC-4 including audited balance sheet, profit and loss account, and auditor's report.
Within 180 days of financial year end
₹100 per day of delay for company and ₹50 per day for officers
Board Meetings
Hold at least one board meeting in each half of the calendar year with a minimum gap of 90 days between meetings.
Bi-annually (2 meetings per year)
₹25,000 for company, ₹5,000 for each director
Director KYC (DIR-3 KYC)
The director must submit Form DIR-3 KYC to validate and update their details in MCA records.
By September 30th annually
DIN marked as "Deactivated" with ₹5,000 penalty for reactivation
Income Tax Return (ITR-6)
File Form ITR-6 declaring company income, deductions, and tax liabilities with the Income Tax Department.
By October 31st (if audit required)
₹5,000 to ₹10,000 late fee plus interest on tax due
Statutory Audit
Conduct annual financial audit by a practicing Chartered Accountant registered with ICAI. Mandatory for all OPCs regardless of turnover.
Before filing financial statements
Qualification in audit report affects company credibility
GST Returns
File monthly GSTR-1, GSTR-3B and annual GSTR-9 returns if registered under GST.
Monthly and annually
₹50 per day per return (₹20 for Nil returns) up to ₹10,000
TDS/TCS Returns
File quarterly TDS/TCS returns (Form 24Q, 26Q, 27Q) if company has deducted tax on payments.
Quarterly
₹200 per day of delay under Section 234E
Commencement of Business
File Form INC-20A declaring receipt of subscribed capital and readiness to commence business.
Within 180 days of incorporation
Company may be struck off; ₹50,000 penalty
OPC Compliance Exemptions: Unlike Private Limited Companies, OPCs are exempt from holding Annual General Meetings (AGM) under Section 96 of the Companies Act. The annual return filing is also simplified using Form MGT-7A instead of the full MGT-7 form.
Need help with annual compliance? Explore our Annual Compliance Services to ensure your OPC stays compliant year-round.
Conversion of OPC to Private Limited Company
As your business grows, you may want to add partners, bring in investors, or expand operations. Converting your OPC to a Private Limited Company opens doors to equity funding and shared ownership. Here is everything you need to know about OPC conversion:
Voluntary Conversion:
An OPC can be voluntarily converted to a Private Limited Company at any time. There is no minimum waiting period or threshold requirements for voluntary conversion. This is useful when you want to:
Add partners or co-founders to share ownership
Raise equity investment from angel investors or VCs
Issue Employee Stock Options (ESOPs) to attract talent
Expand business operations with shared responsibility
Conversion Process:
Pass a special resolution for conversion (if applicable)
Increase the number of members to minimum 2
Increase the number of directors to minimum 2
Alter the AOA to comply with Pvt Ltd requirements
File Form INC-6 with the Registrar of Companies
Change the company name suffix from "(OPC) Private Limited" to "Private Limited"
Note: The mandatory conversion requirement based on paid-up capital (exceeding ₹50 Lakhs) or turnover (exceeding ₹2 Crores) thresholds was removed by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs in 2021. OPCs can now continue operating without mandatory conversion regardless of their financial size.
Why Choose IncorpX for One Person Company Registration?
IncorpX is trusted by over 10,000 entrepreneurs across India for hassle-free company registration. Here is what sets us apart:
100% Digital Process: Complete your registration from anywhere in India without visiting any office
Transparent Pricing: No hidden charges. Professional fees starting at just ₹999
Fast Incorporation: Get your OPC registered in as fast as 7 working days
Expert Support: Dedicated CA and CS experts assigned to each client
End-to-End Service: From DSC to bank account opening and GST registration
Nominee Assistance: Help with selecting and documenting the mandatory nominee
Zero Rejection Policy: Document review before submission to prevent rejections
Post-Incorporation Support: Ongoing compliance assistance and annual filing support
Related Services for Your Business
Beyond One Person Company registration, IncorpX offers a comprehensive suite of business services to help you launch, grow, and stay compliant. Explore our related services:
Stay compliant with MCA and Income Tax requirements. Our experts handle all annual filings and audits for you.
Frequently Asked Questions About One Person Company Registration
Starting a One Person Company in India is an excellent choice for solo entrepreneurs who want corporate benefits with single ownership. Understanding the registration process, nominee requirements, costs involved, and compliance obligations can make your journey smoother. Below, we answer the most commonly asked questions about OPC registration to help you make informed decisions.
These FAQs cover everything from eligibility requirements and nominee obligations to conversion options and tax benefits. Whether you are a first-time founder or transitioning from sole proprietorship, these answers will guide you through the entire OPC incorporation process in India.
A One Person Company (OPC) is a business structure introduced under Section 2(62) of the Companies Act, 2013 that allows a single individual to form a company with limited liability protection. Unlike a sole proprietorship, an OPC is a separate legal entity from its owner, meaning personal assets are protected from business debts.
To register an OPC in India, you need:
Only one person as member and director (can be the same person)
The person must be an Indian citizen and resident
A nominee director who is also an Indian citizen and resident
A registered office address in India
Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) for the director
The nominee must be a natural person who is an Indian citizen and resident in India (stayed in India for at least 120 days in the preceding financial year). The nominee cannot be a minor and must give written consent in Form INC-3. The nominee will become the member of the OPC in case of death or incapacity of the sole member.
No, Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and foreign nationals are not eligible to incorporate an OPC in India. Only Indian citizens who are residents (stayed in India for at least 120 days in the preceding financial year) can form an OPC. If you are an NRI or foreign national, consider registering a Private Limited Company instead.
For Member and Nominee: PAN card (mandatory), Aadhaar card/Voter ID, and recent address proof (utility bill or bank statement not older than 2 months).
For Company Registration: Digital Signature Certificate (DSC), Memorandum of Association (MoA), Articles of Association (AoA), and nominee consent in Form INC-3.
For Registered Office: Utility bill, rent agreement or ownership deed, and NOC from property owner.
No, there is no minimum capital requirement to start an OPC in India. You can register with any amount of authorized and paid-up capital. However, if the paid-up capital exceeds ₹50 lakhs or annual turnover exceeds ₹2 crores, the OPC must be converted into a Private Limited Company.
Yes, you can use your residential address as the registered office for your OPC. You will need to provide a utility bill (electricity, water, or gas) not older than 2 months and a No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the property owner if the property is rented.
The key differences are:
Legal Status: OPC is a separate legal entity; sole proprietorship is not.
Liability: OPC offers limited liability; sole proprietorship has unlimited liability.
Credibility: OPC has higher credibility with banks and clients.
Registration: OPC requires MCA registration; sole proprietorship requires only basic licenses.
Taxation: OPC is taxed at flat corporate rates; sole proprietorship is taxed at individual slab rates.
Registering an OPC typically takes 7 to 10 working days from the date of document submission, depending on MCA processing times and document accuracy. At IncorpX, we ensure all documents are properly verified before submission to avoid rejections and delays.
Yes, statutory audit is mandatory for all OPCs regardless of turnover. A practicing Chartered Accountant must audit the financial statements at the end of each financial year. However, OPCs are exempt from holding Annual General Meetings (AGM).
Yes, while an OPC can have only one member (shareholder), it can appoint up to 15 directors. The sole member can also act as the sole director, or additional directors can be appointed to assist in management.
No, Section 96 of the Companies Act, 2013 specifically exempts One Person Companies from the requirement to hold Annual General Meetings. This significantly reduces compliance burden for solo entrepreneurs.
SPICe+ (Simplified Proforma for Incorporating Company Electronically Plus) is the integrated e-form used for OPC registration. It offers multiple services in a single application:
Company name reservation (Part A)
Company incorporation
Director Identification Number (DIN) allotment
PAN and TAN issuance
EPFO and ESIC registration
GST registration initiation
Yes, an OPC can be voluntarily converted into a Private Limited Company at any time by passing a special resolution, increasing the number of members to at least 2, and filing the required forms with the MCA. The mandatory conversion thresholds (₹50 lakh capital or ₹2 crore turnover) were removed in 2021.
OPCs must comply with the following annual requirements:
File Form MGT-7A (Abridged Annual Return) within 60 days of financial year end
File Form AOC-4 (Financial Statements) within 180 days of financial year end
File Income Tax Return (ITR-6) by September 30th
Submit Director KYC (DIR-3 KYC) by September 30th
Conduct statutory audit by a Chartered Accountant
An OPC is taxed at corporate tax rates: 25% (plus surcharge and cess) if turnover in the previous year does not exceed ₹400 crores, otherwise 30%. Directors can draw salary which is a tax-deductible expense for the company, reducing overall tax liability.
No, a person can incorporate only one OPC. Additionally, a person cannot be a nominee in more than one OPC at a time. This restriction ensures the concept of single-member ownership is maintained.
In case of death or incapacity of the sole member, the nominee becomes the member of the OPC. The nominee takes over the shares and the company continues to exist (perpetual succession). This is why appointing a nominee is mandatory during OPC registration.
GST registration is mandatory if:
Annual turnover exceeds ₹40 lakhs (goods) or ₹20 lakhs (services)
The OPC deals in inter-state supply of goods or services
The OPC is engaged in e-commerce or online selling
GST registration application is initiated through SPICe+ AGILE-PRO-S form.
Key differences include:
Members: OPC has 1 member; Pvt Ltd has 2 to 200 members
Nominee: OPC requires mandatory nominee; not required in Pvt Ltd
FDI: Foreign investment not allowed in OPC; allowed in Pvt Ltd
AGM: OPC exempt from AGM; Pvt Ltd must hold AGM
Form INC-20A is a declaration of commencement of business that must be filed within 180 days of incorporation. It confirms that all subscribers have paid their subscribed capital and the company is ready to start business. Failure to file can result in the OPC being struck off by the RoC.
Since an OPC has only one member, it cannot issue equity shares to external investors. To raise venture capital or angel investment, the OPC must first be converted into a Private Limited Company. However, OPCs can obtain bank loans and credit facilities.
The company name reserved through RUN (Reserve Unique Name) service or SPICe+ Part A is valid for 20 days from the date of approval. The incorporation process must be completed within this period, or the name reservation lapses.
While it is not legally mandatory to hire a CA or CS, professional assistance is highly recommended. Experts ensure accurate document preparation, proper MCA filing, faster approval, and compliance with all legal requirements, significantly reducing the risk of rejection.
A Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) is an encrypted digital key used to electronically sign documents. A Class 3 DSC is mandatory for the director to sign incorporation documents like SPICe+ form, MoA, and AoA. It ensures secure and legally valid electronic submissions to the MCA portal.
Non-compliance can result in:
Late filing penalties (₹100 per day of delay)
Director disqualification and DIN deactivation
Legal notices from the MCA
Company being marked as inactive or struck off
Personal liability for directors in case of fraud
No, a minor cannot be a member, director, or nominee in an OPC or hold shares with beneficial interest. Only individuals above 18 years of age who meet the citizenship and residency requirements can participate in an OPC.
To change the nominee, the sole member must file Form INC-4 (Change in Member or Nominee) with the RoC within 30 days of the change. The new nominee must provide consent in Form INC-3 and meet all eligibility criteria.
The total cost of OPC registration typically ranges from ₹5,000 to ₹12,000 including government fees, stamp duty, DSC charges, and professional fees. At IncorpX, our complete OPC registration package starts at just ₹999 with government fees payable additionally at actuals.
Yes, an OPC can change its registered office address by filing the appropriate form with the RoC. For change within the same city, file Form INC-22. For change to another city within the same state or to another state, additional approvals and forms are required.
